Sammanfattning
Patients with myocardial infarction are at a high risk of sudden death and new cardiovascular events. For this reason, it is important to identify these patients and device treatment to reduce the risk. Patients who seek care with symptoms indicative of myocardial infarction, mainly chest pain, constitute a large proportion of patients at our emergency departments. However, only 5-10 % of these patients have myocardial infarction, whereas the majority has benign causes of their symptoms. This means that it is important not only to identify patients with myocardial infarction quickly, but also to rule out myocardial infarction and other serious disease as fast and safely as possible. With the aid of assays capable of measuring low levels of the cardiac damage biomarker troponin, so-called high-sensitive troponin assays, and several large high-quality clinical studies, myocardial infarction can now be ruled out safely and quickly. If the patient presents with a troponin T level below 5 ng/L and has a normal ECG, myocardial infarction can normally be ruled out without the need for further investigation. In this way, about 30 % of all patients who present with a suspected myocardial infarction can leave the emergency room quickly with a high degree of medical security. On the other hand, when patients present with troponin T levels above 40 ng/L, the patient should normally be admitted to the hospital. These patients are a high-risk group and constitute only 6 % of those who seek medical attention with a suspected myocardial infarction.