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RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION : The high incidence, curability and the accessibility of the endometrium to sampling are features that potentially makes endometrial carcinoma an attractive candidate for population-based screening. However, early symptoms make it uncertain if a real survival benefit can be expected from a screening program. Transvaginal ultrasound investigations and tissue sampling have too low sensitivity and specificity to be applied in screening of the whole population. To date, no systematic studies have demonstrated an efficacy of screening for endometrial carcinoma in a population-based setting. Among tamoxifen users, who have increased risk of disease, the available methods are even more uncertain, and screening of this patient group is not recommended. For women from families with hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer, the risk of disease is so high that a combination of transvaginal ultrasound investigations and tissue sampling routinely is recommended even if the effect on survival is uncertain. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Review of the literature identified through limited searches on PubMed, Cochrane and Bibsys. BACKGROUND : Endometrial carcinoma is an increasing problem, and the value of a screening program is discussed.

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