Migrän: patofysiologi, genetik och behandlingsaspekter. Kunskapsläget sammanfattat
Engelsk titel: Migraine: physiopathology, genetics and treatments aspects. The knowledge situation summarized
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Författare:
Ormstad H
;
Amthor KF
Email: heidi.ormstad@ ringerike-sykehus.no
Språk: Swe
Antal referenser: 59
Dokumenttyp:
Översikt
UI-nummer: 08071687
Sammanfattning
Migraine is a primary headache disorder affecting more than 10 percent of the population resulting in a considerable socioeconomic burden. It is a complex neurovascular disorder, of which the exact pathogenesis is still not clearly understood. This review summarizes some of the findings leading to today's understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine. This article is based on search on relevant literature in PubMed. Migraine is now regarded as a primary brain dysfunction that leads to activation of the trigeminovascular system. This dysfunction probably involves an increased central neuronal sensitisation which leads to cortical spreading depression-like phenomena. Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is today assumed to play a key role in migraine aura. Genome-wide screen have identified several new loci coupled to migraine, on diverse chromosomes. Recent genetic studies have provided evidence för a dysfunction of brain specific ion channels as a potential mechanism of interictal neuronal excitability, and a key factor in migraine pathophysiology. In the rare autosomal dominant disorder of familial hemiplegic migraine, chromosomal loci have been identified on chromosome 19 and 1q. These are genes coding for ion channels. Progress in migraine genetics has contributed to increased insight in migraine pathophysiology and will hopefully lead to more effective treatment and relief of migraineurs.