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Background: The high consumption of sugar in the population and in adolescents in particular has been widely debated. The effects of a high sugar intake on health must be monitored health professionals, and suggestions for evidence based policies must be presented and discussed. Materials and methods: Literature was found by using the data bases PubMed and Bibsys, in addition to public statistics. Results and interpretation: Sugar is present in simple forms, such as sucrose lactose, and fructose, but also in complex forms like starch and fibre. Complex carbohydrates in the diet, like vegetables and whole grain products, contribute with energy and important additions of vitamins, minerals, and fibre. Sucrose in the diet, as in sugar sweetened beverages and candy, can lead to deteriorated dental health through the development of caries and erosion damages. Sucrose only contributes with extra energy and no additions of other nutrients, and a high intake can increase the risk of developing overweight. By replacing sugar – containing beverages with those containing artificial sweeteners the risk of overweight and caries will be reduced, but not damages to the teeth enamel. Norway is one of the countries in the world with the highest intake of sugar – sweetened beverages. Preventive health measures to reduce sugar intake in pre-school and school children must include increased availability of drinking water and better canteen arrangements. The high sugar intake in adolescents demands extensive measures.

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