Sammanfattning
Guided by SBU (Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment) recommendations an evidence based report about toilet training and incontinence in children with learning disabilities has been presented. Existing research was focused mainly on toilet training for individuals with severe and/or profound learning disability and added disabilities. Most children despite severe learning disabilities reached social dryness. Intensive structured behavioural training as proposed by Azrin-Foxx was the most used method. This method can be recommended for children with moderate to severe learning disabilities as well as for children with neuropsychiatric problems. The child oriented approach as proposed by Brazelton for toilet training of healthy children, usually applied in Sweden, can be recommended for children with learning disabilities without other problems. A higher incidence of voiding dysfunction is noted in the group of children with learning disabilities, why a further medical assessment is needed before starting toilet training.