Udviklingsdefekter på de permanente incisiver efter traume i det primaere tandsaet
Sammanfattning
Trauma in the primary dentition occurs very frequently. Approximately
one third of all children will experience a traumatic dental
injury in the primary dentition. The incidence is highest among
2-3- year- olds where the crown of the permanent incisor is not
yet fully formed. Because of the close relation between the root
of the primary tooth and the permanent tooth bud, there is a high
risk of damage to the permanent incisor. The risk of developmental
defects will depend on the stage of tooth development of the
permanent incisor, the severity of the injury and the direction of
the impact. The most frequent sequelae are demarcated enamel
opacities. Serious malformations such as crown dilacerations,
root dilacerations or odontomas are rare (< 6%). Malformations
are usually seen as a result of traumatic injuries in children less
than 3 years of age and usually after intrusion, avulsion or fracture
of the alveolar process. Eruption disturbances of malformed
incisors are frequent and surgical exposure and/or orthodontic
realignment may be required. Furthermore, teeth with malformation
of the crown may require restorative treatment soon after
eruption. It is therefore recommended that these patients should
be monitored closely around the expected time of eruption. It is
important to preserve these teeth if possible, in order to ensure
normal development of the alveolar ridge.