Sammanfattning
Purpose - A retrospective study of 19 patients treated with
zygoma implants and conventional implants inserted in the
upper jaw. Outcome measures were implant survival and
complications, whereas biological and technical/mechanical
complications were not evaluated.
Material and methods - From January 2001 to January
2008, 19 patients with edentulous upper jaws were treated
with 48 zygoma implants and 72 conventional implants at
the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aalborg
University Hospital, Denmark. In cases with severe atrophy
of the upper jaw or pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus,
a sinus graft augmentation procedure with autogenous iliac
bone graft was performed prior to implant placement. Nasal
floor argumentation was performed in four patients concomitant
with installation of conventional implants. The prosthetic
rehabilitation involved a fixed full-arch denture in ten patients
and a removable denture in nine patients.
Results - Four zygoma implants and six conventional implants
were lost after a mean follow-up period of 59 months.
Consequently, the survival for both implant types was 92 %
Postoperative infection occurred in nine patients and was adequately
treated with antibiotics without the need for surgical
intervention. One patient experienced persistent diplopia,
probably due to damage of the orbit during zygoma implant
site preparation. The diplopia was treated with surgery and
prismatic correction at the Department of Ophthalmology.
Conclusions - The current study revealed survival rates of
zygoma implants comparable to those of conventional implants
and implants placed in conjunction with sinus graft
procedure. However, zygoma implants are associated with
an increased risk of complications compared to other treatment
options. Therefore, zygoma implants should only be
used in selected patients.