Nutritional intakes in children with Prader - Willi syndrome and non-congenital obesity
Sammanfattning
Background: Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have extremely regulated diets to
prevent the development of morbid obesity.
Objective: This study evaluated potential deficiencies in macro and micronutrients in a cohort of
youth with PWS and compared them to a group of children with non-congenital obesity and to US
national recommendations.
Design: Participants were 32 youth with PWS (age=10.8±2.6 years, body fat=46.7±10.1%) and 48
children without PWS but classified as obese (age=9.7±1.2 years, body fat=43.4±5.7%). Participants’
parents completed a training session on food recording before completing a 3-day food record during
a typical week including a weekend day and two weekdays, as well as a screening form indicating
nutritional supplements use.
Results: Youth with PWS reported less calories (1,312±75 vs. 1,531±61 kcal, p=0.03), carbohydrate
(175±10 vs. 203±8 g), and sugars (67±5 vs. 81±4 g; p=0.04 for both) than obese. Youth with PWS
consumed more vegetables (1.1±0.1 vs. 0.6±0.1 cups) and more of them met the daily
recommendation (p<0.01 for both). Likewise, youth with PWS consumed more calcium than obese
(899±53 vs. 752±43 mg) and more of them met the recommended daily dose (p=0.04 for both). The
majority of participants in this study did not meet the vitamin D recommendation.
Conclusion: Despite consuming less calories, youth with PWS had a similar proportion of
macronutrients in their diet as children with obesity. Micronutrient deficiencies in calcium and vitamin
D in youth with PWS were noted despite a third of youth with PWS consuming multivitamin
supplements. Special attention must be paid to the diets of youth with PWS and with obesity to
ensure they are meeting micronutrient needs during this period of growth and development