Tidig repolarisation på EKG. Definitioner, prevalens och prognostisk betydelse
Sammanfattning
Early repolarization defined as antero-lateral ST-segment elevation exists in 1-2 % of the general population and has been considered a benign ECG finding for decades. However, early
repolarization, defined as infero-lateral J-waves, has in recent studies been associated with an increased - albeit low - risk of sudden and cardiovascular death. This ECG pattern is present in 3-13%
of the general population. However, exercise training can induce all types of early repolarization, and the prevalence in the athletic population rises to 20-90%. There is large variability between
sports (higher in endurance athletes) and also throughout the season (higher during times of peak fitness). In athletes, early repolarization, regardless of type, is considered benign. In asymptomatic
non-athletes, the absolute risk is too low to use this ECG finding in clinical practice. In individuals with J-wave syndrome, on the other hand, ICD implantation should be strongly considered to
prevent sudden cardiac death.