Sammanfattning
An increasing number of patients over 60 years of age are seeking
orthodontic treatment. Some of these patients have been or
are taking bisphosphonates (BF).
The aim of the article is to describe BF’s interaction with orthodontic
tooth movement. The assignment is a literature review of
available data collected from PubMed and Danish websites relevant
to the topic.
BF is used in the treatment of osteoporosis, and metastases
to the bones during the spread of cancer, hypercalcaemia and
rare bone metabolic diseases. BF works by inhibiting osteoclast
activity and subsequently bone remodeling. Tooth movement in
orthodontics occurs as a result of pressure and pulling in the
periodontal fibers and since the bone plays an important role in
the orthodontic tooth movement, BF’s impact on bone remodeling
is important to acknowledge.
BF interaction with orthodontic tooth movement may be negative,
as insufficient closure of extraction space and diastemata
and lack of parallel displacement of the roots. The interaction
may also be positive, as BF may reduce external root resorption
and decrease of relapse after curtain orthodontic treatments.
The majority of the above-mentioned results are based on animal
studies. Furthermore, as most of the studies are based on
case reports or cross-sectional studies, there is a need for longitudinal
studies on the relationship between BF and orthodontic
tooth movement.