Engelsk titel: Microbiological diagnostics for oral infections now and in the future
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Författare:
Belström, Daniel
Email: dbel@sund.ku.dk
Språk: Dan
Antal referenser: 46
Dokumenttyp:
Översikt
UI-nummer: 16053678
Sammanfattning
The oral cavity is an open microbial ecosystem that is continuously
influenced by physical, chemical and thermally-derived
factors of external origin. The oral microbiome is highly complex
and is primarily constituted of bacteria, although virus,
protozoa, yeast and archaea may represent minor proportions
of the oral microbiome. The development of molecular
methods primarily based on analysis of the phylogenetically
informative 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes have demonstrated
that the oral microbiome is far more complex and
diverse, than hitherto anticipated based on result from early culture studies.
Thus, it has been shown that the oral microbiota
is comprises by more than 700 predominant species,
out of which approximately 100-200 species may be isolated
from a single subject. At present, 35% of the oral microbiota
has yet to be cultivated in the laboratory. The resident oral
microbiota is believed to be critically involved in maintenance
of oral homeostasis, whereas local compositional alterations
as a consequence of ecological perturbations are suggested
as determinants of development of periodontitis and dental
caries. The purpose of this review is to address modern molecular
methods for analysis of oral bacteria, and to discuss a
future perspective for development of molecular techniques
that can be used chair-side for risk assessment of diseaseprone
individuals in the dental clinic.