Riskfaktorer och prevention. Varför blir man allergisk, och går det att förhindra?
Engelsk titel: Risk factors and prevention. Why do you become allergic, and it is possible to prevent?
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Författare:
Alm, Johan
;
Goksör, Emma
Email: Johan.Alm@ki.se
Språk: Swe
Antal referenser: 192
Dokumenttyp:
Översikt
UI-nummer: 16057327
Sammanfattning
Asthma, eczema, food allergy and allergic rhinitis are common and the cause is still largely unknown, but it is the subject of extensive research.
The research results are inconclusive, probably due to individual differences in vulnerability to different exposures and to a highly multifactorial origin.
Several environmental factors have been identified as risk factors or as having a potentially protective effect. Smoking during pregnancy or childhood
increases the risk of obstructive symptoms and asthma. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of infectious diseases and thereby also the risk of early
obstructive symptoms. Even if mothers avoid certain foods during pregnancy or breastfeeding, this does not reduce the risk of allergic disease in the
child. The child should be introduced to foods between four and six months of age, without avoiding or delaying any particular food. Vaccinations do not
affect the risk of allergic disease. The risk of allergic disease is not increased by exposure to furry animals in the home, if the child is healthy.
However, children who are already allergic should at least avoid the animals to which they are allergic.