Sammanfattning
Background: Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is the primary risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Various factors, including genetics, physical inactivity, and daily nutritional habits, affect the
prevalence of HLP. Recently, it was revealed that dietary fibers, such as pectin, psyllium, and
especially chitosan (CTS), may play important roles in hypolipidemic management. Thus, this study
aims to determine the hypolipidemic effect and mechanism of CTS and its water-soluble derivatives,
chitosan oligosaccharides (MN=1,000 Da (COSI) and MN=3,000 Da (COSIII)), in male hyperlipidemic
rats induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).
Design: After the model creation, 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were equally assigned to 12 groups
fed various diets as follows: the normal group with basic diet, an HFD group, an HFD group
supplemented with three doses of CTS, COSI and COSIII groups, and an HFD group treated with
simvastatin (7 mg/kg·d). After 6 weeks, body weight, fat/body ratio, and the relevant biomarkers of
serum, liver, and feces were measured. Additionally, the histological analysis of liver and adipose
tissue was performed, and the mRNA expressions of liver peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptor-a (PPARa) and hepatic lipase (HL) were examined.
Results: Compared with HFD group, rats fed CTS, COSI, and COSIII showed a better ability to regulate
their body weight, liver and cardiac indices, fat/body ratio, as well as serum, liver, and fecal lipids,
and simultaneously to maintain the appropriate activity of liver and serum superoxide dismutase
(SOD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as liver and fecal
total bile acids (TBA). Simultaneously, there had been a higher mRNA expression of PPARa and HL in
the treatment groups.
Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that these three function foods can effectively improve
liver lipid metabolism by normalizing the expressions of PPARa and HL, and protect liver from the
oxidized trauma by enhancing hepatic function, which could be potentially used to remedy
hyperlipidemia.