Dentale restaureringsmaterialer: Biologiske egenskaber og deres kliniske konsekvenser
Sammanfattning
Dental restorative materials contain a large number of substances with different biological
properties. In the oral cavity restorations are exposed to mechanical, chemical, microbial, and
enzymatic influence, and consequently some of the substances can be released. Released
substances can potentially cause biological effects in the oral mucosa, or be absorbed and
distributed systemically and cause general reactions. In the present article biological mechanisms
which may have importance for the release of substances from polymer based restorative materials,
and the biological implications on the cellular level, are discussed. In addition, different mechanisms
for clinical implications of the exposure to the released substances are discussed with a focus on
hypersensitivity, allergy and toxicity.
Patients with reactions allegedly related to dental materials should be examined systematically.
Allergic contact mucositis may appear in patients with allergy to gold and simultaneous exposure to
dental gold alloys. Patients with contact allergic lesions in the oral mucosa (e. g. lichenoid contact
lesions) should have the material causing the reaction replaced. Clinical advice regarding how the
risk for adverse reactions to dental materials can be minimized is provided as well as
recommendations regarding reporting of adverse reactions to dental materials.