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The aim of the study was to explore the association between leadership behaviour and burnout among nursing personnel in health care. Surveys were sent to a random sample of 900 nurses and nurse managers in various health care organizations around Finland. Of these, 660 nurses responded (73%), 627 of whom were accepted for the final analysis. Leadership behaviour was measured with Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and burnout with Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Correlations and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Nursing leadership is both positively and negatively associated with burnout among nursing personnel. Idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration and contingent reward were positively associated with personal accomplishment and negatively with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Active management-by-exception behaviour of the nurse manager may increase personal accomplishment. Passive management-by-exception and laissez-faire leadership were positively related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while the connection to personal accomplishment was negative. Active and future-oriented transformational leadership and rewarding subordinates seem to protect from burnout. On the other hand, passive leadership behaviour is an exposing factor for burnout among nursing personnel. The findings can be used in leadership education in the area of health care and to promote work well-being.

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