Epistemologi og psykiatriske diagnoser: nödvendigheten av en fenomenologisk forståelse av
psykotisk bevissthet
Engelsk titel: Epistemology and psychiatric diagnosis: The necessity of a phenomenological understanding of
psychotic consciousness
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Författare:
Kvig, Erling Inge
;
Nilssen, Steinar
Email: eik@nlsh.no
Språk: Nor
Antal referenser: 48
Dokumenttyp:
Artikel
UI-nummer: 15043588
Sammanfattning
Contemporary diagnostic manuals are based on «operationalism», and the assumption that
objectivity and reliability can be assured by polythetic criteria and operational definitions of terms.
However, as recently shown in the trial against terrorist Anders Behring Breivik, there is often
considerable disagreement among professionals in the use of operationally defined terms. Using the
concept of psychosis as an example, we argue that many psychopathological terms are impossible
to define operationally. The phenomenological approach, first proposed by Karl Jaspers, is a
necessary supplement to operational psychopathology. We describe the concept of psychosis and
how it presupposes knowledge of phenomenology and prototypical cases. Finally we discuss how
these epistemological issues affect the clinical interview. It is shown how a phenomenological
approach can inform and supplement current approaches to clinical interviewing.