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The processes of occupational analysis and synthesis have been essential to the profession of occupational therapy since its founding. In this paper, the Conceptual Framework for Therapeutic Occupation (CFTO) is advocated as providing logical and practical guidelines for occupational analysis/synthesis. When learning to think like an occupational therapist, the student first analyzes occupations observed outside the therapeutic context. Next the student learns how to synthesize potentially therapeutic occupational forms. The culmination of occupational therapy education (also the essential act of an experienced therapist) is analysis/synthesis of occupational forms in accordance with one of the evidence-based models of practice. CFTO is compatible with all the occupational therapy models of practice (often called frames of reference). In this paper, two examples of occupational analysis and synthesis are given. In the first, a man with Parkinson’s disease attends a church service. In the second, abbreviated example, a man with HIV/AIDS sets up his new apartment after living dependently in a nursing facility. Whether or not the Conceptual Framework for Therapeutic Occupation or some other system is used, occupational analysis/synthesis is the essential and defining occupation of the occupational therapist.

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