Sövnrelaterede respirationsforstyrrelser. Definition, forekomst, patofysiologi og konsekvenser
Engelsk titel: Sleep-related respiration disorders. Definition, prevalence, pathophysiology and consequences
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Författare:
Jennum PJ
;
Tönnesen P
;
Rasmussen N
;
Nörregaard O
Email: poje@glostruphosp.kbhamt.dk
Språk: Dan
Antal referenser: 29
Dokumenttyp:
Översikt
UI-nummer: 05051901
Sammanfattning
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a group of conditions involving alterations of the respiratory pattern during sleep. The most frequent cause of SDB is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is characterized by periodic cessation of upper-airway airflow during sleep with fragmented sleep and abrupt snoring. Obstructions may be due to increased tissue mass, retrognathia and/or decreased muscle tone in the upper airways. The basic pathophysiologic mechanisms are largely unknown. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is OSA accompanied by daytime symptoms, i.e., daytime sleepiness and sleep attacks. Other frequent symptoms include nycturia, morning headache, slight cognitive complaints and, less frequently, personality changes. The prevalence of OSAS is approximately 2-4% in males and 1-2% in females. OSAS is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, cardio- and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality, traffic accidents and occupational and social problems which have a substantial socio-economic impact.