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Immunotherapy is a new modality in cancer treatment; a therapeutic strategy that targets the immune system of the cancer patient and not directly the cancer cells. Various types of immunotherapy such as cytokines, cancer vaccines, cellular immunotherapies and antibodies have been tested in clinical trials throughout the last decades. Cancer immunotherapy activates the immune system to attack cancer cells; this can lead to impressive clinical efficacy but also to new kinds of severe autoimmune side effects. Currently, immune regulatory antibodies and cellular immunotherapies represent the largest clinical break through.

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